Would the ‘terms of service’ or any type of non-negotiated standard user agreement between a client and a crypto-asset service provider (CASP) providing custody services constitute a ‘valid agreement’ that ‘expressly provides otherwise’ per the clause in the second subparagraph of Article 75(4) of MiCA?

If so, can this agreement stipulate that a CASP providing custody services may be unable to facilitate the exercise of client rights with respect to a crypto-asset in the event of any modifications to those rights?

What is the exact scope of the ancillary service, point 5 in annex I, Section B: Investment research and financial analysis or other forms of general recommendations relating to financial instruments?

When calculating net short positions in relation to issuers having both listed and non-listed shares, should the issued share capital also include non-listed shares?

Where shall the issuer incorporate by reference new annual or interim financial information in the case of a base prospectus drawn up as separate documents or in the case of a standalone tripartite prospectus? For how long this information may be incorporated by reference?

How does incorporation of new annual or interim financial information by reference in a base prospectus interact with the general requirement to produce a supplement under Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation?