In the gas derivatives market, lot sizes defined in the contract specification by trading venues do not represent a standard quantity of the underlying across all market areas, for the same maturity. How should the open interest in lots be calculated for gas derivatives, for the application of position limits in Article 57(1) of MiFID II?

Does Article 19(12a) of MAR require issuers to expressly allow their PDMRs to trade during a closed period in the case of transactions or trade activities that do not relate to active investment decisions, that result exclusively from external factors or actions of third parties, or that are based on predetermined terms?

Related to the definition provided by the Regulation, what are the criteria that can be used to identify the continuity component (i.e "on ongoing basis) mentioned?

Are Crypto-asset service providers that provided their services in accordance with applicable law before 30 December 2024 and which are authorised to continue to do so under the law of a Member State in accordance with Article 143 of MiCA, considered to be crypto-asset service providers under the terms of MICA during the transitional period until they are authorised?

Do firms dealing on own account with regards to crypto-assets require a CASP license?