ESMA LIBRARY
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| Date | Ref. | Title | Section | Type | Download | Info | Summary | Related Documents | Translated versions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18/12/2014 | 2014/1560 | Advice- Investment-based crowdfunding | Innovation and Products | Final Report | PDF 482.2 KB |
Crowdfunding is a means of raising finance for projects from ‘the crowd’ often by means of an internet-based platform through which project owners ‘pitch’ their idea to potential backers, who are typically not professional investors. It takes many forms, not all of which involve the potential for a financial return. ESMA’s focus is on crowdfunding which involves investment, as distinct from donation, non-monetary reward or loan agreement.Crowdfunding is relatively young and business models are evolving. EU financial services rules were not designed with the industry in mind. Within investment-based crowdfunding a range of different operational structures are used so it is not straightforward to map crowdfunding platforms’ activities to those regulated under EU legislation. Member States and NCAs have been working out how to treat crowdfunding, with some dealing with issues case-by-case, some seeking to clarify how crowdfunding fits into existing rules and others introducing specific requirements.To assist NCAs and market participants, and to promote regulatory and supervisory convergence, ESMA has assessed typical investment-based crowdfunding business models and how they could evolve, risks typically involved for project owners, investors and the platforms themselves and the likely components of an appropriate regulatory regime. ESMA then prepared a detailed analysis of how the typical business models map across to the existing EU legislation, set out in sections 1 to 6 of this document. | |||
| 21/05/2015 | 2015/856 Ann1 | Investment-based crowdfunding- Insights from regulators in the EU | Innovation and Products | Final Report | PDF 319.65 KB |
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| 01/03/2021 | ESMA30-379-471 | Final Report- Advice on Article 8 of the Taxonomy Regulation | Sustainable finance | Final Report | PDF 2.89 MB |
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| 03/05/2019 | ESMA34-45-688 | Final report on integrating sustainability risks and factors in the UCITS Directive and the AIFMD | Fund Management, Sustainable finance | Final Report | PDF 483.4 KB |
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| 03/05/2019 | ESMA35-43-1737 | Final report on integrating sustainability risks and factors in the MIFID II | Audit, MiFID - Investor Protection, Sustainable finance | Final Report | PDF 371.73 KB |
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| 18/12/2020 | ESMA50-157-2403 | Final report on Guidelines on outsourcing to cloud service providers | Innovation and Products | Final Report | PDF 384.63 KB |
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| 10/04/2019 | JC 2019 25 | Joint ESA advice on the costs and benefits of developing a coherent cyber resilience testing framework for significant market participants and infrastructures | Innovation and Products, Joint Committee | Technical Advice | PDF 785.49 KB |
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| 10/04/2019 | JC 2019 26 | Joint ESA advice on the need for legislative improvements relating to ICT risk management requirements | Innovation and Products, Joint Committee | Technical Advice | PDF 1.34 MB |
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| 15/03/2018 | JC-2018-04 | Joint Committee Final Report on Big Data | Innovation and Products | Final Report | PDF 520.31 KB |